Tag: history

Book review: The Stories of English by David Crystal

The Stories of English book cover

Way back when Tim and I were first dating, we bonded over our interest in English language and he recommended I read David Crystal. Crystal is a linguist who has been studying and writing books about the English language since 1964. He lectured for decades at the University of Reading, which is where both Tim and I went, though sadly he was not there during our time. Crystal is rightly beloved as someone who is incredibly knowledgable, does important original research, and is able to make his field completely fascinating to the lay reader.

So I read a few of Crystal’s books 20-odd years ago, loved them and yet somehow his bestseller The Stories of English sat on my TBR for, well, 20 years. I finally picked it up last year and was reminded how great Crystal is. I was constantly quoting bits to Tim and our friends. That said, this book is denser than I remember the other Crystal books I’ve read having been and it took me a few months to get through.

This book is about the development of the English language, from the origins of Old English in the 5th century CE to the effects of the Internet on modern English. Crystal’s thesis is that this is not one single story, but many overlapping stories. And there is not, and never was, one single English language – it has always been multifarious. Which is a thesis I can get behind.

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Book review: Resist: Stories of Uprising edited by Ra Page

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Resist book cover

Earlier this month I watched a group of masked protestors (or technically counter-protestors) march towards a riot police cordon chanting “Anti-Fascisto”. They were trying to prevent the police from protecting a (thankfully small) protest led by “Bristol Patriots” against a hotel housing asylum seekers. It was a powerful moment to witness. And I realised I knew a lot of the history behind it thanks to the book I was in the middle of reading.

Resist: Stories of Uprising edited by Ra Page is a collection of short stories and essays about moments in British history when people rose up in protest. From Boudicca’s rising in 60/61 to Grenfell Tower in 2017, there’s a whole range of stories. People have revolted for many different reasons in many different ways, and most were countered with violent pushback.

These examples were not always successful protests in the eyes of the people protesting. “The done thing” by Luan Goldie explores the Ford Dagenham Women’s Strike 1968 through a modern-day scene of an old woman who participated in the strike and doesn’t want to talk about it. The strike was a major news story that probably contributed to equal pay legislation, but at the time there was a lot of disillusionment and guilt among the strikers as technically they capitulated and accepted a lesser pay offer. And of course, we know the residents of Grenfell Tower were not listened to in their many complaints and concerns before the horrific fire.

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Book review: Roots by Alex Haley

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Roots coverRoots is one of those cultural touchstones that I’ve heard referenced all my life, but like most Brits I had never read the book or watched the seminal TV series that closely followed its publication. Then I watched the 2016 remake mini series – largely because I knew the cast included Regé-Jean Page – and immediately added the book to my wishlist.

It’s a big book – almost 700 pages of small print. So it took me a while to pick it up and a while to read it. I also found it a slow read to begin with, but I’m glad I persisted.

For those not familiar with Roots by Alex Haley, it’s the saga of a single family. It begins with the birth of Kunte Kinte in a small village in 18th century Gambia. We follow his life closely until at age 16 he is kidnapped into slavery and transported to the southern US. The book then follows generations of his descendants, beginning with those enslaved like him, and later on, free African-Americans up to Haley himself.

It’s this last detail that was both revolutionary and controversial. The idea that it was possible for the living American descendants of enslaved Africans to trace their family history, that their connection to their roots had not necessarily been severed – no-one had demonstrated that before. Roots inspired a massive increased interest in genealogy, particularly among African-Americans. Now, there is some question as to whether Haley got his research right – many people have picked holes in it both at the time of publication and ever since. I really don’t care if he was actually related to people with these exact names and biographies. I think the concept, and the huge cultural impact of centring these lives and experiences outweighs all that.

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Book review: The Biscuit: the History of a Very British Indulgence by Lizzie Collingham

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The Biscuit book cover

I love a biscuit and I love well-written social history, so I was pretty keen to read The Biscuit: the History of a Very British Indulgence by Lizzie Collingham. It’s a fascinating book that had me frequently spouting interesting nuggets at anyone who happened to be around.

Collingham tracks the history of the biscuit from its Roman Empire beginnings as twice-baked bread, to being a culinary centrepiece for the super rich of the 17th century, to becoming a factory-made staple of every British household (and indeed much of the rest of the world). There are recipes dotted throughout, several of which I bookmarked.

The definition of biscuit is fairly wide here. In one chapter, Collingham explains how wafers and waffles can trace their origin to unleavened bread. In the first and second centuries CE, Jewish bakers began pouring unleavened batter into tongs to create thin wafers decorated with animals and flowers for Passover. Soon after, Christian bakers copied the idea but replaced the designs with their own religious imagery. As the practice spread of churches handing out wafers at Easter, over centuries they became a staple at bakeries, especially after sugar and spices spread to Europe and became part of the wafer recipes.

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Book review: Homegoing by Yaa Gyasi

HomegoingI’ve had Homegoing by Yaa Gyasi on my TBR for a few years and I had put off reading it from fear that it would be sad or tough. I shouldn’t have worried. While it deals with tough subjects and has sad moments, it is also a highly enjoyable read with a lot of joy in its pages.

Effia and Esi, born in the 1750s on the Gold Coast of Africa, are sisters but they have never met. Raised in different villages, as they reach marriageable age they are in very similar positions, with promising local matches, but fate has something rather different in store.

Effia is married off to a white trader. She loves him but can never fit in with the other wives in the British fortress. Esi is captured when war breaks out between tribes and sold into slavery. She is shipped to America from the very fortress where her sister is living.

Gyasi traces the lineages of these two women through to the 21st century, through them telling the story of Ghana and the USA. From plantation slavery to missionaries, from colonialism to Harlem slums, there’s a lot to cover here and a lot of it is serious stuff, but this book has enough light moments and warm characters to never feel heavy.

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India, fount of my imagination, source of my savagery, breaker of my heart

The Ground Beneath Her Feet book coverThe Ground Beneath Her Feet
by Salman Rushdie

I think I was at university the first time I started reading this. I stopped around 100 pages in, overwhelmed by the relentless references to mythology (Greek, Roman, Norse and Indian), religions, history and language. I think I needed to spend another 15 (plus) years absorbing information about all those things to not only appreciate but truly enjoy this novel. And this time I loved it.

This is an epic tale, centred on a love triangle but encompassing so much more of life and the world than that suggests. The “her” of the title is Vina Apsara, half-American, half-Indian, raised in poverty, handed off from relative to relative until she lands on the doorstep of the Merchant family in Mumbai.

The grand love of her life is their near neighbour Ormus Cama, youngest son of a rich Parsi family. His twin brother was stillborn but Ormus dreams of him, swears that his dead brother feeds him the music and lyrics that he writes.

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The archaeological pace had grown feverish

Pompeii AwakenedPompeii Awakened
by Judith Harris

When Tim and I visited Pompeii last year our one disappointment was the lack of information at the excavations site. Even armed with the official guide book, we were confused about what some buildings were and which bits had been reconstructed. Though don’t get me wrong: we still loved it so much that we spent a second day there rather than climbing Vesuvius as originally planned.

So when we got home I searched for a book not about Pompeii pre-AD 79, but about the rediscovery of the town since 1748. Harris tracks the uncovering of Herculaneum and Pompeii up to the present day – a story that encompasses much of the political history of Europe over the same years and the development of modern archaeology.

This book is really good and definitely helped me to understand more of what we had seen in Pompeii, though I must admit it didn’t answer every question. It is packed with fascinating tidbits that I kept storing up to tell Tim.

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It made the girls themselves gleam

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The Radium GirlsThe Radium Girls
by Kate Moore

I first heard about this book via work. It’s part of a current trend – one that I fully support – of identifying stories from history that are important but little known and giving them a boost. In this case, it’s the story of thousands of women who worked in the (mostly) early 20th century painting dials onto watch faces with radium-based paint, so that they glowed in the dark.

It sounds like a terrible idea and it was. But even though shortly after Marie and Pierre Curie discovered radium in 1898 they and their colleagues realised it could cause harm to humans, it became famous for its ability to destroy or reduce cancerous tumours, and was therefore widely considered to be health-giving. So when Dr Sabin von Sochocky, founder of the United States Radium Corporation (USRC), which mined and processed radium in New Jersey, figured out that it could be used to create a glow-in-the-dark paint, this seemed like a brilliant new commercial avenue for the company.

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Sunday Salon: Catching up

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The Sunday SalonThis is the blog post I intended to write last Sunday night, but I was exhausted from having such a full weekend so I curled up on the sofa with a book and fell asleep. It’s not a bad way to end the week!

And what exactly did I fill last weekend with? Well, I’m going to start with Friday morning because that way I get to mention something I’m super proud of: I ran 8 km before going to work last Friday. That is the furthest I have run yet, and marks the first time I felt actually confident that I will be able to run 10 km by early May, when the Bristol race that I’ve entered comes around. (I tried to repeat the achievement this week and managed 7.5 km, which is not to be sniffed at, but slightly disappointing when I now know I can beat it!)

Last Friday night, we went with my Mum and brother to the theatre to watch the Shakespeare at the Tobacco Factory production of Othello. I really enjoyed it and thought the acting excellent. The local press have been a bit sniffy, and I do agree that some of the modern touches were a misstep. But I thought the central relationships – between Othello and Desdemona, between Othello and Iago, and between Othello and Cassio – were really well portrayed.

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Sunday Salon: Black History Month

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The Sunday SalonHere in the UK, October is Black History Month. For more than 35 years, October has seen a “nationwide celebration of Black History, Arts and Culture throughout Britain”. Locally to me, here in Bristol, events include music, theatre, film, workshops and exhibitions, many of which sound fantastic. The month will end with Bristol Somali Festival, a week-long celebration of Somali identity and heritage.

While I am excited about all the arts and culture events, to me the heart of Black History Month is the history part, and for that I am inclined to turn to books. There are many to choose between, from important people in Black history, to the multitude of stories of Africa, to slave narratives, to the experiences of Black people and communities outside of Africa.

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